独立主格结构详解 　　非谓语动词(to do , doing和done)可以在句中作状语，作状语时，其逻辑主语须和主句的主语保持一致;若不一致，非谓语动词形式须另带主语，这种结构叫做“独立结构”。由于逻辑主语是主格，所以称为“独立主格结构”。
　　独立主格结构由两部分构成:名词或代词+非谓语动词或形容词、副词或介词短语。前后两部分具有主谓关系。独立主格结构多用于书面语，在句中相当于一个状语从句或并列句，在雅思写作中，多用于表示条件和原因等。
　　1.表示条件 　　例句:If the factors identified above are implemented, then any job can be improved and more workers can feel greater degrees of job satis faction.(《剑7》P167) 　　The factors identified above being implemented, then anyjob can be improvedand more workers can feel great erdegrees of job satisfaction. 　　翻译:如果以上这些确定的因素得以实现，那么任何一份工作都会被改进并且更多的工人可以感受到更大程度的工作满意度。
　　2.表示原因
例句:Because people interpret happiness for themselves in so many differentways, it is difficult to give any definition that it is true for everyone.(《剑4》 P165)
People interpreting happiness for themselves in so many different ways, it isdifficult to give any definition that is true for everyone. 　　翻译:因为人们用如此多的方式诊释幸福，所以很难给出一个对每个人而言都真实的定义。